Mamou J, Wa CA, Yee KMP, et al. Ultrasound-based quantification of vitreous floaters correlates with contrast sensitivity and quality of life. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56:1611–1617 In Germany, ophthalmologist Thomas Kaercher finds that his patients expect a full explanation of the treatments that they are being offered, whether therapeutic cleanses, surgery, laser, or micronutrients. Directions for use: Take one VitroCap®N capsule daily with water and after food for a minimum of 3 to 6 months. The study included 61 patients with symptomatic, long-standing vitreous opacities. Randomised and blinded, the subjects took one capsule of the micronutrient supplement (verum) or placebo daily for six months. Before and after the supplementation, various visual function tests (visual acuity, contrast vision) as well as imaging and video examinations of the vitreous to quantify the opacities (optical coherence tomography - OCT, Spectralis®, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH) were carried out.

He did, and has now been taking VitroCap N for a year. “I won’t come off them, because I disliked floaters so much. I would hate that to happen again. So, I take them every day,” he said.The eye is perfectly shaped for its function: the trapping and transmission of undisturbed and unaltered light signals to the recipient cells (receptors) of the retina. Essential to this process is transparent media, namely that of the cornea, the lens and the vitreous. Certain changes in these structures e.g. clouding or clumping, affect the transmission of the light and thereby the quality of vision. There are a couple of points that you have to discuss with people,” he said. “One thing we should let people know is the daily recommended limit. If you look at the daily recommended limit for zinc, or for vitamin C, the tablets are well within that, for men and women.” He added: “Optometrists sometimes say, ‘I’m not a salesperson, I’m not selling tablets, I’m not selling glasses. I’m a clinician.’ But we need to try and get beyond that and focus on the quality of life. That’s a big message: that they will be doing the right thing for a large proportion of their patients who are struggling with floaters.” Six: the number of months taken to see a benefit to those taking VitroCap N in terms of how they felt in their daily life, their contrast sensitivity, and the size of their floaters We have previously postulated that attaining therapeutic, intravitreal levels of these exogenous micronutrients may require a repeated, long-term administration of the micronutrients. 4 In addition, we have comprehensively reviewed elsewhere the concentrations and potential mode of delivery of exogenous micronutrients into vitreous. In brief, the concentrations of l-lysine, zinc, and vitamin C previously detected in the adult vitreous are 115 µM, 1.95 µM/L, and 2 mM/L, respectively. 4 , 32 , 54 The vitreous gel receives its supply of Vitamin C from the plasma by an active transport from the ciliary process of the ciliary body (Socci R, et al. IOVS. 1987;4:ARVO Abstract 74). Like all soluble intravitreal proteins or amino acids, l-lysine may be sourced via local secretion, filtration from the blood, or diffusion from the surrounding tissues and vasculature. 55 Although proanthocyanidins generally enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion, it is only 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, a potent antioxidant as well as a metabolite of proanthocyanidin, that has been detected within the human vitreous. 56 – 58

After analysing the existing literature on the metabolism and micronutrient supply of the vitreous body, the FLIES researchers at the Nutrition Research Centre Ireland (NRCI), which is renowned for its research on the correlation between nutrition and eye diseases, came to the conclusion that oxidative stress is associated with an undersupply of antioxidants from food (similar to other chronic eye diseases such as AMD and cataracts) and subsequent glycation of collagen fibres (crosslinking via sugar molecules). These two processes may be key mechanisms of vitreous degeneration. Conversely, if the supply of micronutrients found in the vitreous body is optimised, an improvement should potentially be detectable. In the present study, the active and placebo groups were comparable in their visual discomfort scores at baseline ( P = 0.797). However, it is worth mentioning that there was a slightly high, albeit not statistically significant, difference in the PVD rate (61.5% vs 43.3% in the placebo and active groups, respectively) between the two groups at baseline. Given that the densest and most central floaters could have resulted from the detached posterior hyaloid face as part of a PVD, a large (significant) difference in PVD rate between the groups could have potentially influenced our POM, especially when the two groups were compared. 61 , 62 As a consequence, a similar representation of such cases in both groups would have been the ideal scenario to allow for a comparison between the two groups. Interestingly, the two study groups had similar objective vitreous opacity area measurements at the onset of the study, implying that the groups were comparable. In addition, the main findings and conclusions herein presented were based on the paired group comparisons for each study group, in which a group's own outcomes at baseline and final visits were compared for change over time, and not on the between-group comparisons. We give them six months of tablets up front, and they’re always paying in arrears, because you don’t want a patient coming in, trying it for a month, and saying it didn’t do anything for them and that’s enough,” he explained. “You’ve got to set them up properly. I think the science speaks for itself. I think it’s how you then take that and go forward with it.” Zinc plays an important role in the body’s antioxidant defence system, including that of the eye. It contributes to the maintenance of normal vision and supports the metabolism of vitamin A (another nutrient that supports normal vision).You can improve a person’s quality of life by advising them to use VitroCap N,” he said. “I think that’s a big message. When I go to a restaurant and have a great experience, I share that with my friends. I don’t look on that as I’m selling them anything. I look on it as sharing a positive thing that I experienced, and I think they’ll get some positivity if they experience it as well.” VitroCap®N is designed to support the specific needs of your eyes by supplementing your diet with selected micronutrients. In general terms, I would really stress the importance of the eye care community to be alerted to peer reviewed science and to trust that type of science.” Experiences of VitroCap N some selective serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SSNRI) antidepressants – such as venlafaxine

A- и B-сканирование пациента К. после курса препарата «Витрокап». В-скан: аксиальная горизонтальная проекция; незначительное количество помутнений в стекловидном теле. А-скан: 4 эхопика низкой эхогенности It’s incumbent on the optometrist to further pursue and ask questions of the patient who says they have floaters Optometrist and EyeTools co-founder, Dr Frank EperjesiObjective: to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Vitrocap in patients with VBD, as well as to analyze the psychological characteristics of individuals complaining of “floaters”. We must not overwhelm the patient with this knowledge, but show them what this metabolism is like, and explain properly that it’s a long-lasting process, so they fully understand our therapeutic approaches Ophthalmologist, Dr Thomas Kaercher