Fain, A.J (2017) Reading Understanding and Applying Nursing Research 5th edition. Philadelphia: F.A Davis Company Ellis, P. (2013). Understanding Research for Nursing Students. 2 nd Ed. London: Learning Matters (SAGE).

The aim or purpose of study is formulated so researchers and readers have a clear understanding about what is being researched (Parahoo, 2014). Both articles have a clear-cut aim to look at in which pain is assessed for those patients who are unable to communicate in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting.Statement of the aim in both papers clearly outlines why the research is being carried out and states what will be done with the findings. Limitations of qualitative research It’s a time-consuming process. You can’t verify the results of qualitative research. It’s a labor-intensive approach. It’s difficult to investigate causality. Qualitative research is not statistically representative. How do nurses critique journals? One element of your systematic search which is specific to health subjects is the presentation of your search strings and results in a table. This makes it clear what you have searched for and where, what limits youapplied and how many results you ended up with.Your search table makes your search process clear and replicable to anyone reading your assignment or dissertation. Question you want to ask of the literature: How effective is the management and assessment of pain in the hospital setting for adults in the intensive care unit setting. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. The participants in this study included 20 nurses working in intensive care units. Subject selection was conducted with maximum variation in personal factors (age, education level, duration of work experience, and organizational role).Ethical issues are important and should be considered at every step of the research process. This is not just about obtaining ‘ethical approval’ for a study but also ensuring the rights of participants are not violated. When reporting qualitative research, participants’ anonymity and confidentiality must not be breached. The Central Office for Research Ethics Committees (www.corec.org.uk) offers guidance for researchers planning to undertake any research within the NHS. How precise are these results? When examining statistical results readers should have some understanding of the different probability values and therefore how significant they may be to the research results. There are a variety of methods of data collection in qualitative research, including observations, textual or visual analysis (eg from books or videos) and interviews (individual or group). However, the most common methods used, particularly in healthcare research, are interviews and focus groups. Why does PICO have a gun? Holland, K and Rees, C. (2010). Nursing: Evidence-Based Practice skills. Oxford: Oxford University Press. If you need assistance with writing your nursing essay, our professional nursing essay writing service is here to help! Find out more

The PRISMA flow chart has different boxes and arrows that connect them. The boxes show the different steps, like finding studies, screening them, and deciding which ones to include or exclude. The arrows show how many studies are involved at each step. The flow chart is important because it helps you show how you chose the studies and if there were any problems or biases in the process.If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! Essay Writing Service Search restrictions: Full Text Online, Nursing and English language were used, and the date range was from 2013 to 2019 but as suitable articles were hard to find within this date range it had to be changed to 2012 to 2019. Royal College of Nursing (RCN) (2015) Pain knowledge and skills framework [online]. [Accessed 20/02/2019]. Available at: https://www.rcn.org.uk/professional-development/publications/pub-004984 What sort of evidence have you found? One research paper is qualitative and the other quantitative. Qualitative and quantitative research can be achieved multiple methods. Article A is a qualitative study conducted by using content analysis, participants include 20 nurses working in intensive care units. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and analysis was carried out using an inductive approach (Deldar, Froutan and Ebadi, 2018). Article B is a quantitative study carried out by using a survey which was conducted at a 385-bed hospital in Central Virginia. Intensive care nurses were selected as the sample population since they have more experience of taking care of non-communicative patients that other nurses in various other hospital units (Lovin, 2017). Out of the 31 surveys which were sent out to nurses, only 26 of these nurses participated in the study.