Maintain good oral hygiene. Dr. Kahn warns against chewing gum as a replacement for regular brushing after meals or for other oral health habits. “If you are going to chew gum after meals, it should be in addition to — not instead of — brushing and flossing,” she says. Fitzgerald, J. Edward F.; Ahmed, Irfan (2009). "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Chewing-Gum Therapy in the Reduction of Postoperative Paralytic Ileus Following Gastrointestinal Surgery". World Journal of Surgery. 33 (12): 2557–66. doi: 10.1007/s00268-009-0104-5. PMID 19763686. S2CID 24548626. Kekäläinen, Timo; Venäläinen, Tapani; Jänis, Janne (17 July 2014). "Characterization of Birch Wood Pyrolysis Oils by Ultrahigh-Resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry: Insights into Thermochemical Conversion". Energy & Fuels. 28 (7): 4596–602. doi: 10.1021/ef500849z. ISSN 0887-0624. Food and sucrose have a demineralizing effect upon enamel that has been reduced by adding calcium lactate to food. [41] Calcium lactate added to toothpaste has reduced calculus formation. [42] One study has shown that calcium lactate enhances enamel remineralization when added to xylitol-containing gum, [43] but another study showed no additional remineralization benefit from calcium lactate or other calcium compounds in chewing-gum. [44]

Chewing gum can come in a variety of formats ranging from 1.4 to 6.9 grams per piece, and products can be differentiated by the consumers' intent to form bubbles or the sugar/sugarless dichotomy. Gand, C; Fritz, D (2008). "Chewing gum manufacture". In Fritz, D (ed.). Formulation and Production of Chewing and Bubble Gum (2ed.). Essex: Kennedy's Publications Ltd. pp.253–74.Dry mouth, or x erostomia, is a common condition that happens when your mouth doesn’t produce enough saliva. It can cause bad breath and, eventually, tooth decay. It appears that most people consume far less than this recommended level. One study that analyzed urine samples from multiple countries estimated that the average daily intake of BHT in adults was only 0.21–31.3 micrograms per kg of body weight ( 5). Titanium dioxide

Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of chewing on stress, since Hollingworth [ 138] reported that masticatory movement reduced excessive muscular tension and energy. Soon after the report by Hollingworth, however, foot-tapping was reported to produce the same relaxing effects, suggesting that the stress-reducing effects were not specific to gum chewing [ 139]. Therefore, the benefits of gum chewing on stress remain a matter of debate. The effects of gum chewing on naturally occurring stress are consistently reported to be beneficial. For example, Zibell and Madansky [ 28] investigated whether chewing gum affects perceived levels of everyday stress among subjects who regularly chew gum or among subjects who do not usually chew gum. Stress levels and stress-specific emotions, such as feeling anxiety or tension, decreased after chewing gum, indicating that gum chewing reduces levels of anxiety and stress. Smith [ 29] performed a cross-sectional study of occupational stress in full-time workers and found that non-gum-chewers complained significantly more often of stress at work and home compared with gum chewers, and gum chewers had a lower incidence of high blood pressure. An intervention study revealed that chewing gum reduces occupational stress both at and outside of work, reducing fatigue, anxiety, and depression and leading to a more positive mood [ 29]. Chewing gum is also associated with perceptions of better performance [ 140]. Further, chewing gum is associated in a linear dose-response manner with levels of perceived stress at work and home, as well as anxiety and depression [ 141]. Similar findings were reported for university students [ 142]. Erbay et al. [ 143] examined whether chewing gum is a useful addition to traditional medical treatment of patients with mild to moderate depression and indicated that while chewing gum is not directly effective for elevating a depressed mood, it may reduce the symptoms originating from depression. All ingredients used in the processing of chewing gum have to be “food grade” and classified as fit for human consumption. Summary de Oliveira, A.F.B.; de Oliveira Diniz, L.V.; Forte, F.D.S.; etal. (28 March 2016). "In Situ Effect of a CPP-ACP Chewing Gum on Enamel Erosion Associated or Not With Abrasion". Clinical Oral Investigations. 21 (1): 339–46. doi: 10.1007/s00784-016-1796-1. PMID 27020912. S2CID 10126499. Some older animal studies have linked very high doses of titanium dioxide with nervous system and organ damage in rats ( 6, 7). Machiulskiene, Vita; Nyvad, Bente; Baelum, Vibeke (2001). "Caries preventive effect of sugar-substituted chewing gum". Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 29 (4): 278–88. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0528.2001.290407.x. PMID 11515642.Mastication under stressful conditions prevents stress-induced ulcer formation in the stomach [ 4, 22– 24], spatial cognitive deficits [ 25, 26], anxiety-like behavior [ 35], and osteoporosis [ 27]. Onishi et al. [ 36] reported that maternal chewing during prenatal stress prevents prenatal stress-induced learning deficits in the adult offspring. Several studies have demonstrated that chewing attenuates stress-induced functional and morphologic changes in the hippocampus [ 25, 36– 40]. Carcasona, ER (2008). "Bulk sweeteners used in sugar chewing gum". In Fritz, D (ed.). Formulation and Production of Chewing and Bubble Gum (2ed.). Essex: Kennedy's Publications Ltd. pp.119–32. Chewing, swallowing, and speaking are important oral functions related to physical, mental, and social health [ 11– 13]. In particular, masticatory ability influences nutritional status, overall health, and activities of daily living, especially in the elderly population [ 14, 15]. Chewing ability is frequently impaired in the elderly, and many older adults develop dental problems as a result of tooth loss, which compromises general health status and is an epidemiologic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease [ 16– 20]. In animals, impairing mastication by removing teeth results in impaired spatial learning due to morphologic changes in the hippocampus [ 20]. Thus, chewing appears to have an important role in maintaining some aspects of cognitive function [ 20]. BHT is an antioxidant that’s added to many processed foods as a preservative. It stops food from going bad by preventing fats from becoming rancid. Pellet gum's characteristic hard outer shell is due to a polyol coating. Polyols can also be implemented as a water absorbent powder dusting to maintain the quality and extend the shelf life of the product. These humectants bind water by establishing many hydrogen bonds with water molecules.