Flowering calyx with well-developed rim 1–3 mm long, the appendages 0.4–4 mm long, connate at their bases, forming a continuous shelf of tissue (this feature especially visible in fruit); Mexico (states of Chiapas and Oaxaca) to Guatemala, above 1500 m Lycianthes corollas and stamens A flower of L. pringlei with corolla slightly campanulate to rotate in orientation, entire in outline, abundant interpetalar tissue, and green markings at the base of the lobes, the stamens unequal and free; field photo of Dean 327 (DAV) B flower of L. connata with corolla rotate in orientation, very shallowly stellate in outline, abundant interpetalar tissue (with the lobes protruding beyond the tissue), and purple markings at the base of the lobes, the stamens unequal and free; field photo of Dean 9530 (DAV) C flower of L. chiapensis (Brandeg.) Standl. var. sparsistellata Standl. & Steyerm. with corolla rotate in orientation, shallowly-stellate in outline, abundant interpetalar tissue, and green markings at the base of the lobes, the stamens unequal and free; field photo of Dean 9507 (DAV) D flower of L. sideroxyloides with corolla slightly campanulate to rotate in orientation, stellate in outline, and interpetalar tissue connecting just the lower portions of the lobes, the stamens equal and free; field photo of Dean 9512 (DAV) E flower of L. heteroclita with corolla slightly campanulate to rotate in orientation, deeply-stellate in outline, and no interpetalar tissue, the stamens equal with partially connate anthers; field photo of Dean 9500 (DAV) F flower of L. ceratocalycia (Donn.Sm.) Bitter with corolla rotate in orientation, deeply-stellate in outline, sparse interpetalar tissue at edges of lobes, and purple markings at the base of the lobes, the stamens equal and free; field photo of Dean 9532 (DAV). Scale bars: 1 cm. Reproductive success of Cardiopetalum calophyllum (Annonaceae) treelets in fragments of Brazilian savanna | Journal of Tropical Ecology | Cambridge Core First sympodial unit c. 25 cm long, the internodes c. 13; lateral branching from the nodes of the first sympodial unit usually present at the time of flowering; subsequent sympodial growth about equal to the length of the first sympodial unit; pollen tricolporate; state of Nuevo León, on limestone soils

Pollard K, van der Laan M. UC Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series, Working Paper 167. 2005. Cluster analysis of genomic data with applications in r. [ Google Scholar] title = {Treelets | A Tool for Dimensionality Reduction and Multi-Scale Analysis of Unstructured Data},Trichomes on leaves and stems of various colors (white, off-white, yellow, orange, brown, or red-brown), but markedly different colors not usually present on the same plant and multangulate-stellate trichomes always present, these sessile to stalked, sometimes mixed with furcate trichomes, 0.05–1.5 (2) mm long; flowering calyx appendages 0.25–6 (8) mm long; mature berry 4–20 mm in diameter Trichomes along midvein on abaxial leaf blade surface mostly straight and appressed, not appearing woolly; pedicels in flower (11) 15–30 mm long, in fruit 30–36 mm long; corolla 0.5–1 cm long, sparsely pubescent abaxially, densest near the lobe tip; Guatemala to Panama

In Spanish, we have the luxury of having a lot of very specific vocabulary to describe plants, while in English you just add the word “tree” to the fruit name. Thus, limonero is lemon tree, manzano is apple tree, papayo is papaya tree, castaño is chestnut tree, and cafeto is coffee tree! The term cafeto, though less used than ‘mata de café’ and ‘planta de café” is still pretty much used, perfectly accurate and very clear to anyone who hears it,” says Fernandez, who also notes that French includes the similar le caféier and Portuguese has cafeeiro.

Terborgh J, Huanca Nuñez N, Alvarez Loayza P, Cornejo Valverde F. Terborgh J, et al. Ecology. 2017 Nov;98(11):2895-2903. doi: 10.1002/ecy.1991. Epub 2017 Sep 25. Ecology. 2017. PMID: 28833033 Marcos Antônio da Silva Elias (a1) , Edivani Villaron Franceschinelli (a1) , Leandro Juen (a2) , Fábio Julio Alves Borges (a3) , Glalko Machado Ferreira (a4) and Fábio Martins Vilar de Carvalho (a5) Liquidambar styraciflua'Worplesdon' is a selected variety of sweet gum chosen for its particularly good autumn foliage. This cultivar has the prestigious RHS Award of Garden Merit. Height x Spread: 25m x 12m Shrub, sometimes scandent, to 5 (7) m tall; trichomes white, off-white, tan, light yellow, brown or light purple, but never red-brown, simple, to 2.5 mm long; calyx glabrous to densely pubescent, the appendages in flower 0.5–9 mm long; mature berry less than 15 mm in diameter

Indument of simple and/or dendritic trichomes (not stellate), if present, the dendritic trichomes often greater than 0.5 mm long; species of both arid and non-arid habitats New growth angled or ribbed, somewhat compressed upon drying; largest leaves usually with blade greater than 16 cm long; longest appendages on calyx 4–7 mm long; 1700–2000 m; Mexico (southeastern state of Chiapas) Shrub or vine, often epiphytic; calyx coriaceous and fleshy, the appendages 0.25–1 mm long, connate at their bases, reflexed as a unit; corolla stellate in outline, blue to purple adaxially; anthers connate at their edges

Extract

Density and fertility of Byrsonima pachyphylla A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae) in small fragments of the Brazilian Cerrado. Seed shape terminology used in this paper is taken from Radford et al. (1974); seed surface terminology is taken from Gunn and Gaffney (1974). The seeds of 15 of the species covered in this paper have been illustrated in previous publications ( Barboza and Hunziker 1992; Dean 2004; Dean et al. 2007, 2017a, b, 2019b). Most Lycianthes species covered in this paper have compressed seeds, usually lenticular (completely flattened). A minority of species have seeds that are not compressed at all. This includes some of the species in series Meizonodonatae ( L. acapulcensis, L. ciliolata, L. peduncularis, L. rzedowskii) and L. rantonnetii. Others are compressed but not lenticular (e.g. L. dejecta, L. moziniana, L. pringlei, L. textitlaniana).

Indument of stalked multangulate-stellate trichomes, the rays straight and usually rebranched, sometimes repeatedly; states of Chiapas, Mexico and Baja Verapaz, Guatemala Corolla purple; berry turbinate, the tip pointed, orange; seed surface with widely spaced serpentine cell pattern, noticeably pitted; state of Oaxaca

References

Furcate (forked) trichomes (Fig. ​ (Fig.3E) 3E) resemble simple trichomes but are forked at the tip. Dendritic trichomes (Fig. ​ (Fig.3F) 3F) are repeatedly forked with no more than two branches per node. Stellate, multangulate-stellate (Fig. 3G, H), and geminate-stellate (Fig. ​ (Fig.3I) 3I) trichomes have more than two branches per node, and these whorled branches are called rays. True stellate trichomes are uncommon in the species included here (mainly seen in Lycianthes hypoleuca); true stellate trichomes have all rays emerging at just one node, with the rays in one plane. Multangulate-stellate trichomes have all rays emerging at just one node, but the rays are in more than one plane. In several species, the rays of the multangulate-stellate trichomes may be rebranched (Fig. ​ (Fig.3H) 3H) ( Dean et al. 2019a). In the species that have multangulate-stellate trichomes with rebranched rays, trichomes with both unbranched and rebranched rays are present, and the intermediate forms can be seen, which is why we do not refer to these trichomes as dendritic. Geminate-stellate trichomes have rays emerging at numerous consecutive nodes; in the species covered in this paper, geminate-stellate trichomes often have numerous rays per node (more than five) and the rays are relatively short (Fig. ​ (Fig.3I). 3I). We are using the term geminate-stellate trichomes, as we are following the terminology of Roe (1968, 1971); however, some authors refer to these trichomes as candelabra trichomes ( Payne 1978). Vine to scandent shrub; trichomes furcate to multangulate-stellate, those on calyx minute (less than 0.25 mm in diameter) and difficult to see without magnification; leaf blade apex rounded to acute, the leaf veins usually obscure and light green in color; corolla light purple; coastal areas, up to 1000 m in elevation, widespread in Mexico and Central America, especially on the Caribbean slope