At times, the Italian city-states also played an active role in the Arab slave trade, where Moorish and Italian traders occasionally exchanged slaves. For example, two researchers suggest that Leonardo da Vinci's mother Caterina may have been a slave from the Middle East. [425] Maltese archipelago [ edit ] Susan Dente Ross; Paul Martin Lester (19 April 2011). Images That Injure: Pictorial Stereotypes in the Media. ABC-CLIO. pp.144–. ISBN 978-0-313-37892-8 . Retrieved 2 March 2012. Burmese Muslims are the descendants of Indian Muslims, Arabs, Persians, Turks, Pathans, Chinese Muslims, and Malays who settled and intermarried with the local Burmese population and other Burmese ethnic groups such as the Shan, Karen, and Mon. [365] [366]

Rohde, Percy A. (2006). Promiscuity, Attractiveness, Fondness for Children, and the Postponement of Parenthood: An Evolutionary (mal)functional Analysis. kassel university press GmbH. p.11. ISBN 978-3-89958-174-4. However, taken together the evidence for an association between attractiveness and objective measures of health is mixed (reviewed in Rubenstein et al., 2003).

According to a Pew Research Center analysis of census data conducted in 2013, 12% of newlyweds married someone of a different race. (This share does not take into account the "interethnic" marriages between Hispanics and non-Hispanics). [34] And, most Americans say they approve of racial or ethnic intermarriage – not just in the abstract, but in their own families. About six-in-ten say it would be fine with them if a family member told them they were going to marry someone from any major race/ethnic groups other than their own. [35] Centuries of migration, diaspora, assimilation, and cultural diversity have made most Filipinos open-minded in embracing interracial marriage and multiculturalism, especially after three centuries of Spanish colonization. Following independence in 1945, the Philippines has seen both small and large-scale immigration into the country, mostly involving Chinese, Americans, Europeans, Japanese, and South Asians. More recent migrations into the country by Koreans, Brazilians, and other Southeast Asians have contributed to the enrichment of the country's ethnic landscape. Ron Ramdin (2000). Arising from Bondage: A History of the Indo-Caribbean People (illustrateded.). NYU Press. p.72. ISBN 978-0-8147-7548-6 . Retrieved 1 June 2015. a b Mahabir, Kumar (May–June 2004). "Indian Arrival Day". Trinidad & Tobago: Indo-Caribbean Cultural Council . Retrieved 28 June 2015. Interracial marriage in the United States has been fully legal in all U.S. states since the 1967 Supreme Court decision that deemed anti-miscegenation state laws unconstitutional (via the 14th Amendment adopted in 1868) with many states choosing to legalize interracial marriage at much earlier dates. Anti-miscegenation laws have played a large role in defining racial identity and enforcing the racial hierarchy. The United States has many ethnic and racial groups, and interracial marriage is fairly common among most of them. Interracial marriages increased from 2% of married couples in 1970 to 7% in 2005 [31] [32] and 8.4% in 2010. [33] Mildred and Richard Loving helped end laws prohibiting interracial marriage in the United States 1967

In Ghana, a number of founding fathers had relationships with foreigners of other races: Kwame Nkrumah married the Egyptian Copt Fathia Nkrumah and raised a family with her. Their children would go on to become politicians like their father. President Nkrumah's contemporary and sometime friend, Joe Appiah, was himself married to the British debutante Peggy Cripps Appiah. At the start of the 21st century, their descendants were being led by their only son, Kwame Anthony Appiah. In addition to this, Dr. J. B. Danquah had a son with a British woman during his time in Britain. He would go on to become noted actor Paul Danquah. [ citation needed] No data about the races of people getting married in Australia is currently collected, meaning no figures can be produced on interracial marriages.

David Anthony Chiriboga; Linda S. Catron (1991). Divorce: crisis, challenge, or relief?. NYU Press. p.254. ISBN 978-0-8147-1450-8.