Referral to a doctor skilled in burn treatment for evaluation and debridement within 24-48 hours of injury (debridement is the process of removing dirt, foreign bodies, and dead tissue from a wound; this procedure could involve washing, scrubbing, and cutting away of dead tissue). Some patients, especially those with burns that completely surround the fingers, hand, or wrist, may be admitted to a hospital burn unit because of the potential to develop compartment syndrome. Dinu, D., & Louis, J. (2020). Biomechanical Analysis of the Cross, Hook, and Uppercut in Junior vs. Elite Boxers: Implications for Training and Talent Identification. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 189.

The symptoms of hand injuries can vary depending on the type of injury, how the injury occurred (mechanism), depth, severity, and location.Stanley, E., Thomson, E., Smith, G., & Lamb, K. L. (2018). An analysis of the three-dimensional kinetics and kinematics of maximal effort punches among amateur boxers. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 18(5), 835-854. Internal damage: Lacerations that involve tendons can be treated at a later date by a hand surgeon with positive results. Therefore, an emergency department doctor may clean and close a hand laceration, then recommend tendon repair to a specialist at a later date. Parallel Pin Punch - A parallel pin punch is often employed to remove pins from mechanical assemblies. When a pin is too tight to remove by hand, the correctly sized parallel pin punch can be employed to drive it loose. Centre Punch- A common type of punch with a semi blunted end. This is typically used to mark a centre for drilling in a piece. By creating a small recess for the drill bit to rest in, the drill is assured a greater chance of staying on course.

Trunk rotation and rear leg extension are observed to be the greatest contributors to punch force in advanced boxers, at 37.42% and 38.46% respectively; whereas, arm extension only contributes 24.12% (Filimonov et al., 1985; Table 1). Additionally, well trained junior boxers are observed to make a greater contribution to punch force at the shoulder than in the trunk and legs than elite boxers (Dinu & Louis, 2020). Though, the same study did identify front foot GRF (ground reaction force) as a greater contributor to RHSP force than the rear leg (Dinu & Louis, 2020). Furthermore, when the trunk and lower body are fatigued, a significant decrease in punch force across all punch techniques has been observed (Dunn et al., 2021). Thus, corroborating the findings of Filimonov et al. (1985) and Dinu and Louis (2020) and demonstrating the importance of force development in the rear leg and trunk. Tong-Iam, R., Rachanavy, P., & Lawsirirat, C. (2017). Kinematic and kinetic analysis of throwing a straight punch: the role of trunk rotation in delivering a powerful straight punch. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17(4), 2538-2543. Upon arriving at the emergency department or clinic, the medical evaluation may include a medical history and physical examination. Chelly, M. S., Ghenem, M. A., Abid, K., Hermassi, S., Tabka, Z., & Shephard, R. J. (2010). Effects of in-season short-term plyometric training program on leg power, jump-and sprint performance of soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(10), 2670-2676.After a thorough evaluation, the diagnosis usually falls within one of these common injury categories. Bites: The main complication of bite wounds is infection. To help prevent infection bites ( human bites or animal bites) require thorough cleansing and irrigation (washing out the wound). Puncture wounds (such as cat bites) and wounds where tissue is crushed (such as human bites and dog bites) are particularly likely to become infected. The risk of infection increases when these wounds are stitched closed, so most bite wounds need to be allowed to heal without stitches. The doctor may decide to loosely stitch large bite wounds. Most bite wounds require antibiotics and close follow-up to assure healing. Injuries to the hand causing the following symptoms generally require emergency medical attention at a hospital's emergency department. Drift Punch - Sometimes referred to as a pokey, this punching tool is often used for enlarging previously made holes. It can also be used for aligning holes prior to bolting. Fingertip and nail infections may be treated in the clinic or emergency department with incision and drainage (if indicated), antibiotics, and close follow-up. A major consideration for an infection in the hand is the presence of a fluid collection or an abscess. If the infection is isolated to the skin, known as cellulitis, treatment involves antibiotics and close follow-up. However, an abscess requires drainage (sometimes known as "lancing"). If the abscess is large or near nerves, arteries, ligaments, or tendons surgery may be necessary for treatment. Hand infections have the potential for rapid progression leading to a severe loss of function.

Minor burns do not require immediate medical evaluation; however, call a health care professional if there is any doubt.Ice may help decrease the pain, but never apply ice for more than 20 minutes at one time, and never apply ice directly to skin. Crush or tear injuries and prolonged delay before evaluation may make successful replantation impossible. Each injury requires an immediate evaluation because each person's circumstances warrant all possibilities to be considered. The type, location, extent, person's wishes, and time of injury all contribute to the treatment plan. Some injuries will require immediate surgery for replantation. Others will require little medical intervention beyond cleansing, bandaging, and allowing the injury to heal. In some locations, the doctors and facilities needed for replantation do not exist.

Buddy taping is a procedure where the doctor tapes an injured finger to an adjacent finger to keep the injured finger from moving. The other finger becomes a splint. Deep cuts: Some injuries require immediate treatment in the emergency department or are surgically repaired. When an injury to an artery is diagnosed, a surgeon must evaluate for immediate surgical repair. If a large artery is cut, there is the possibility of massive blood loss. Death may result if bleeding is not controlled.

STRENGTH TRAINING FOR THE HAND & WRISTS

The rear hand straight punch (also known as a cross punch) is arguably the most important technique utilised in combat sports. Therefore, in the current era where such a large emphasis is placed on maintaining an undefeated record, it is absolutely vital to fully optimise this technique. This article will explore the key kinematic and kinetic contributors of the rear hand straight punch, with the aim of providing coaches and athletes with the biomechanical understanding required to help develop peak punching performance. The RS range of punch sets includes several different types to suit your needs, from our own brand RS PRO and also well-known brands such as Bahco, Stanley, Gedore and Facom to name a few: