At the center of the macula, there is a small depression called the fovea. The fovea contains only cone photoreceptors and is the point in the retina responsible for maximum visual acuity and color vision. Retina function Depending on your result, you may be advised to attend more regular appointments or discuss treatment options with a specialist. Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p.465. ISBN 978-0-03-910284-5. https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/outreach-campaigns-and-resources/eye-health-data-and-statistics/diabetic-retinopathy-data-and-statistics

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Additional structures, not directly associated with vision, are found as outgrowths of the retina in some vertebrate groups. In birds, the pecten is a vascular structure of complex shape that projects from the retina into the vitreous humour; it supplies oxygen and nutrients to the eye, and may also aid in vision. Reptiles have a similar, but much simpler, structure. [22] Rods are located throughout the retina; cones are concentrated in a small central area of the retina called the macula. The energy requirements of the retina are even greater than that of the brain. [4] This is due to the additional energy needed to continuously renew the photoreceptor outer segments, of which 10% are shed daily. [4] Energy demands are greatest during dark adaptation when its sensitivity is most enhanced. [42] The choroid supplies about 75% of these nutrients to the retina and the retinal vasculature only 25%. [5] Central serous retinopathy. This is when fluid builds up under the central retina, causing distorted vision. Though the cause of central serous retinopathy (CSR) often is unknown, it tends to affect men in their 30s to 50s more frequently than women, and stress appears to be a major risk factor.Enter your TV or PC screen resolution in pixels, HDTV use 1920x1080px but some computers and TVs have different resolutions, some 4K screens have 3840x2160px, Apple MacBook Pro Retina have 2880x1080 and there is a lot more resolutions on mobile devices. Width: Height: Evacuating and replacing the fluid in the eye. In this procedure, called vitrectomy (vih-TREK-tuh-me), your surgeon removes the gel-like fluid that fills the inside of your eye (vitreous). He or she then injects air, gas or liquid into the space.

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Canadian Intellectual Property Office. "Canadian Trade-Mark Data– Application Number 1483982". Canadian Trade-marks Database . Retrieved June 19, 2012. Also cites prior application in Jamaica. Apple– Learn about the Retina display". Archived from the original on February 7, 2011 . Retrieved June 21, 2010.Hauswirth W. W.; Aleman T. S.; Kaushal S.; Cideciyan A. V.; Schwartz S. B.; Wang L.; Conlon T. J.; etal. (2008). "Treatment of Leber Congenital Amaurosis Due to RPE65Mutations by Ocular Subretinal Injection of Adeno-Associated Virus Gene Vector: Short-Term Results of a Phase I Trial". Human Gene Therapy. 19 (10): 979–990. doi: 10.1089/hum.2008.107. PMC 2940541. PMID 18774912. The retina needs a constant supply of blood, which it receives through a network of tiny blood vessels. A recent study on the evolutionary purpose for the inverted retina structure from the APS (American Physical Society) [13] says that "The directional of glial cells helps increase the clarity of human vision. But we also noticed something rather curious: the colours that best passed through the glial cells were green to red, which the eye needs most for daytime vision. The eye usually receives too much blue—and thus has fewer blue-sensitive cones. Nielsen, Jakob. "Serif vs. Sans-Serif Fonts for HD Screens". Nielsen Norman Group . Retrieved 28 July 2015.