Jones, Brian Jay. Washington Irving: An American Original. New York: Arcade Publishing, 2008: 250. ISBN 978-1-55970-836-4 The Granada Card Tourist Pass is a pass to visit the main monuments and museums of this city. It includes trips in public transport and discounts in other tourism services. I hope you’ve enjoyed my guide to the Alhambra. You may enjoy these other Spain travel guides and resources: PATTERN INSTRUCTION: Yes, good for those with a bit of experience (if you're a beginner, get that experience by diving into my YouTube videos and then return to this book!). Even though there are only a few instructions for beginners who want to draw a pattern from scratch step by step there is plenty to read, digest and enjoy. With a bit of experience, it’s good to try and draw from the diagrams in this book that force you to think and deconstruct some aspects of drawing the pattern. It’s an excellent endeavour that helps you to progress in drawing patterns. The Alhambra books published by Dosde unveil all the aspects related to this unique architectonic ensemble. These works provide an indepth study of the history of the Alhambra and its most representative spaces, as well as the opportunity to find out about the main architectonic features of this palatine city of monumental design, converted into the main symbol of economic and cultural prosperity achieved by the disappeared Nasrid kingdom.

Published December 2011, 2nd Edition 2015 by The Alhambra and Generalife Trust and EDILUX s.l. ( ISBN 9788486827).Villa Zorayda, a museum in St. Augustine, Florida based on a wing of the Alhambra, takes its name from a character in Irving's book [12] (specifically from "Legend of the Three Beautiful Princesses" [13]). Mixing cultural influences is nothing new in architecture — the Romans mixed with Greeks and Byzantine architecture blended ideas from the West and the East. When the followers of Muhammed "started on their career of conquest," as architectural historian Talbot Hamlin explains, "not only did they use again and again capitals and columns and bits of architectural detail taken piecemeal from Roman structures, but they had no hesitation whatsoever in using the skills of Byzantine craftsmen and of Persian masons in building and decorating their new structures." PATTERN INSTRUCTION: No compass & straight edge instruction, but for those who draw digitally, you may find it especially useful as all the information you need is there in the many many diagrams. VERDICT: I haven’t used it much, but recognise its value and the role it plays in valuing & cataloguing surface pattern. There is no pattern instruction. It irks me that pattern is used so widely across the world, has its own layers of complexity and meaning but somehow is not always considered “Art” by a narrow European point of view. Notice the angle of the windows leading up to the dome. The engineering challenge was to put a round dome on top of a square structure. Indenting the circle, creating an eight-pointed star, was the answer. The decorative and functional use of the muqarnas, a type of corbel to support the height, is similar to the use of pendentives. In the West, this architectural detail is often referred to as honeycomb or stalactites, from the Greek stalaktos, as its design appears to "drip" like icicles, cave formations, or like honey:

The full title reads as follows: Plans, elevations, sections, and details of the Alhambra, from drawings taken on the spot in 1834 by Jules Goury, and in 1834 and 1837 by Owen Jones. With a complete translation of the Arabic inscriptions, and an historical notice of the kings of Granada from the conquest of that city by the Arabs to the expulsion of the Moors, by Pasqual de Gayangos. The Eurostars Catedralis a lovely hotel housed in a 16th century manor, just a short walk from the cathedral. The Catalonia Granadais a lovely hotel that comes complete with a plunge pool and open air terrace.Increasingly we believe the world needs more meaningful, real-life connections between curious travellers keen to explore the world in a more responsible way. That is why we have intensively curated a collection of premium small-group trips as an invitation to meet and connect with new, like-minded people for once-in-a-lifetime experiences in three categories: Culture Trips, Rail Trips and Private Trips. Our Trips are suitable for both solo travelers, couples and friends who want to explore the world together. Alhambra palaces were built during the Reconquista, an era of Spain's history generally considered between 718 and 1492. In these centuries of the Middle Ages, Muslim tribes from the south and Christian invaders from the north battled to dominate the Spanish territories, inevitably mingling European architectural features with some of the finest examples of what Europeans called architecture of the Moors. Wooden Books are a small publishers based in Glastonbury, Somerset, UK. Established by John Martineau, a graduate of the PSTA, he published his first book, Book of Coincidences, based on his MA project. Many other PSTA alumni & friends have authored and helped build this collection of beautiful & fascinating books, often witty and a touch magical! VERDICT: This is easier to follow than Daud Sutton’s book, but there are far fewer constructions (40 ish compared to 200 ish!). So I obviously have to have BOTH. I know some people are overwhelmed by these drawings that come with minimal or coded explanation. So this book is definitely pitched at a more basic level – very much suitable for beginners.

Day visit to the following andalusian monuments: Corral del Carbón, Bañuelo, Palacio de Dar al-Horra, Casas moriscas (Horno de Oro, Chapiz, Zafra) and Qubba del Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo. VERDICT: The actual books are stunning (thye seem to live on my desk catching the light!). The content is just wow. So well put together, the visual communication is brilliant; I know Serap is so good at this anyway, always making me see things in a different way, making connections between things I had seen separate. There are so many architectural photos I’ve not seen too. The story telling of the patterns, the step by steps, the different renderings of patterns and their variations, so very beautiful and comprehensive. The three volumes cover six, four, twelve, five and tenfold, so beautifully. I can’t wait to actually get drawing. To understand why Moorish architecture exists in Spain, it's helpful to know a little bit about the history and geography of Spain. Archeological evidence from centuries before the birth of Christ (B.C.) suggests the pagan Celts from the northwest and the Phoenicians from the East settled the area we call Spain — the Greeks called these ancient tribes Iberians. The ancient Romans have left the most archeological evidence in what is today known as Europe's Iberian Peninsula. A peninsula is almost entirely surrounded by water, like the state of Florida, so the Iberian Peninsula has always been easily accessible to whatever power invaded. However the author doesn’t change or simplify or distort the Alhambra patterns. This is KEY! Islamic Geometric patterns look a certain way, each shape has certain angles, symmetries and proportions that means that they are correct individually, they are correct together as a fuller pattern and correct as a system to draw many patterns. Located in Granada, one of the most important cities of the south Iberian Peninsula, the Alhambra was built at the top of Sabika Hill, a foothill of the mountainous massif of Sierra Nevada. As explained in our Alhambra books, the oldest part of the palatine city was built in the 13 th century to house the leaders of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada, the last bastion of Muslim power in the Iberian Peninsula.A comprehensive 3 volumes of 64 historical artifacts from 23 cities with 118 patterns in various architectural structures, their analysis and how they emerged explained and shown in 1487 drawings.