Serine is an amino acid that most often comes to the formula as part of a moisturizing complex. It's anon-essential amino acid (meaning that our body can synthesize it) and serves as a water-binding ingredient.

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Q10 - an antioxidant found naturally in human cells where it plays an important role in energy production. As for skincare, it works as an awesome antioxidant that might also be able to reduce wrinkle depth. It's a super commonly used water-thin volatile silicone that gives skin and hair a silky, smooth feel. Queen Camilla looks stylish in a preppy navy suit and glasses as she and King Charles fly in style to Kenya In fact, it's so important for energy production that if taken as an oral supplement it has a caffeine-like effectand if taken at night you will probably not sleep very well(so you should take it in the morning). Q10 supplementation is not a bad idea: it not only gives you energy but research also shows that oral Q10 increases the Q10 level of the skin (of course, it decreases with age like pretty much every good thing in the skin) and may help to reduce wrinkles. If you are not for supplements, dietary sources include fish, spinach, and nuts. Choose a product where you know the concentration and pH value because these two greatly influence effectivenessHero ingredient, hyaluronic acid, means Lidl’s day cream increases skin moisture and reduces the appearance of deep-set wrinkles, while the inclusion of ethylhexyl salicylate absorbs UV rays to protect the skin from that winter sun. Alcohol with some additives to make it unconsumable. It is great solvent, penetration enhancer, creates cosmetically elegant, light formulas, great astringent, and antimicrobial. In large amounts, it can be very drying to the skin. The unfancy name for it is lye. It’s a solid white stuff that’s very alkaline and used in small amounts to adjust the pH of the product and make it just right.

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What makes urea special, is that it is not only a simple moisturizer, but it is thought to be a " small-molecule regulator of epidermal structure and function" meaning that it has a bunch of extra biological activities. It acts as a mild keratolytic agent(some of its moisturizingaction is thought to come from urea's abilityto break down bonds in the protein called filaggrin and thus freeing up amino acids in the skin), enhancesantimicrobial peptide expression and improves skin barrier function. Another great thing about panthenol is that it has anti-inflammatory and skin protecting abilities. A study shows that it can reduce the irritation caused by less-nice other ingredients (e.g. fragrance, preservatives or chemical sunscreens) in the product. Lye - A solid white stuff that’s very alkaline and used in small amount to adjust the pH of the product. An easy-to-formulate, commonly used, nice to have ingredient that’s also called pro-vitamin B5. As you might guess from the “pro” part, it’s a precursor to vitamin B5 (whose fancy name is pantothenic acid). The emollient plant oil that comes from almonds. Similar to other plant oils, it is loaded with skin-nourishing fatty acids ( oleic acid - 55-86% and linoleic acid 7-35%) and contains several other skin goodies such as antioxidant vitamin E and vitamin B versions.Plus, the Q10 in the serum helps to re-energise skin cells, to reduce the appearance of wrinkles. And that certainly makes it a winner in our eyes.

Anti-wrinkle eye contour cream with Q10 and hyaluronic acid Anti-wrinkle eye contour cream with Q10 and hyaluronic acid

If that wasn’t enough panthenol is also useful in nail and hair care products. A study shows that a nail treatment liquide with 2% panthenol could effectively get into the nail and significantly increase the hydration of it. It's one of those things that help your cosmetics not to go wrong too soon, aka a preservative. It can be naturally found in fruits and teas but can also be made synthetically.

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It's the salt form of famous humectant and natural moisturizing factor, hyaluronic acid. It can bind huge amounts of water and it's pretty much the current IT-moisturizer. Other than having a good safety profile and being quite gentle to the skin it has some other advantages too. It can be used in many types of formulations as it has great thermal stability (can be heated up to 85°C) and works on a wide range of pH levels (ph 3-10). It has several benefits: great solvent, penetration enhancer, creates cosmetically elegant, light formulas, great astringent and antimicrobial