a b c d e Stradley, Linda (2004). "Rediscover True Hot Chocolate - History of Hot Chocolate". What's Cooking America . Retrieved June 27, 2008. Klein, Christopher (February 13, 2014). "The Sweet History of Chocolate". The History Channel . Retrieved July 15, 2017.

Like many other commodities, the cocoa industry has its roots in colonialisation and exploitation. As Michael Gidney, CEO of the Fairtrade Foundation puts it: “The commodity trade is a hangover from the days of slavery and colonialism. We’re going to have to decolonise trade if we want to make it fair.” And even beyond the economic issues, for these communities cocoa has gone from being a sacred crop to being mass-produced. The margins on the crop are tiny, and most of West Africa’s 2.5 million smallholder cocoa farmers live in abject poverty, meaning they are often unable to put food on the table or buy medicine, according to the Fairtrade Foundation. In Mexico, hot chocolate remains a popular national drink, often including semi-sweet chocolate, cinnamon, sugar, and vanilla. [35] Hot chocolate of this type is commonly sold in circular or hexagonal tablets [35] which can be dissolved into hot milk, water, or cream, and then blended until the mixture develops a creamy froth. A 1942 article in the Chicago Tribune describes Mexican cinnamon hot chocolate as being traditionally served alongside a variety of sweet Mexican pastries, [36] such as pan dulce or churros. Sciscenti, Mark J. (February 7, 2015). "Why We Drink Hot Chocolate in the Winter". The Guardian . Retrieved February 17, 2015. Baggott, MJ; Childs, E; Hart, AB; de Bruin, E; Palmer, AA; Wilkinson, JE; de Wit, H (July 2013). "Psychopharmacology of theobromine in healthy volunteers". Psychopharmacology. 228 (1): 109–18. doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3021-0. PMC 3672386. PMID 23420115.They’re so nice we wouldn’t mind using them as wallpaper, you know. And, even better, the outer wrappers are made of FSC-certified paper from responsibly managed forests, and the silver inner wrappers are biodegradable and will dissolve in a couple of months if you put it in your compost heap. Elsewhere, six of the nine flavours are suitable for vegans. Chocolate and Love, we love you. Direct Trade: This means that the chocolate company directly buys from their farmers. It also means that the brand personally works with the producer so they can verify ethical production and ensure top quality. Bean to Bar: This means the chocolate was made from scratch, literally from bean to bar. It often means the chocolate is handcrafted versus mass produced. a b Moncayo, Jennifer (January 28, 2013). "Mexican Chocolate: A Short History & Recipe". The Latin Kitchen . Retrieved July 15, 2017.

Chocolate History". Middleborough Public Schools. 2008. Archived from the original on July 2, 2008 . Retrieved June 26, 2008. Because sugar was yet to come to the Americas, [4] xocōlātl was said to be an acquired taste. What the Spaniards then called xocōlātl was said to be a drink consisting of a chocolate base flavored with vanilla and other spices that was served cold. [6] [7] The drink tasted spicy and bitter as opposed to sweetened modern hot chocolate. [4] As to when xocōlātl was first served hot, sources conflict on when and by whom. [4] [7] However, José de Acosta, a Spanish Jesuit missionary who lived in Peru and then Mexico in the later 16th century, described xocōlātl as:

Chocolate

In Colombia, a hot chocolate drink made with milk and water using a chocolatera and molinillo is enjoyed as part of breakfast with bread and soft, fresh farmer's cheese. Colombian hot chocolate is often topped with a soft farmer's cheese or other mild cheese. [37] Similarly, hot chocolate in Ecuador is often topped with cheese. [38] a b c Green, Matthew (March 11, 2017). "How the decadence and depravity of London's 18th century elite was fuelled by hot chocolate". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022 . Retrieved July 15, 2017.

Theobromine found in the cocoa solids is fat soluble. [24] Cocoa beans contain significant amount of fats, but cocoa powder is usually defatted. However, adding fat to defatted cocoa powder will increase its bioavailability. Pearce, David (2008). "Cacao and Chocolate Timeline". David Pearce. Archived from the original on February 19, 2005 . Retrieved June 27, 2008.a b c d McGavin, Jennifer (April 4, 2017). "Kakao oder Heisse Schokolade". the spruce . Retrieved July 9, 2017. For this piece, we consulted with Mark Lundy, the Sustainable Food Systems leader at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture, for expert information on fair trade chocolate. We also looked into numerous fair trade certifications to see what the process involves and what is required of businesses getting certified. The curious Peruvian tradition of drinking hot chocolate and paneton in summer". Rischmoller Real Estate. November 30, 2012 . Retrieved July 9, 2017.